核心實證來源：濃度、部位、神經與運動回場

Dextrose／肌腱／膝 OA

Capotosto S, et al. Prolotherapy in the Treatment of Sports-Related Tendinopathies. Orthop J Sports Med. 2024. PMCID: PMC11536850. Chung MW, et al. Effects of dextrose prolotherapy on tendinopathy, fasciopathy, and ligament injuries. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2020. PMCID: PMC7668443. Amanollahi A, et al. Dextrose prolotherapy for knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2024. PMCID: PMC11194473. Teymouri A, et al. Ultrasound-guided 25% dextrose vs saline for knee OA. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025. PMCID: PMC11956196. Bayram K, et al. Knee OA with 5%, 10%, and 20% dextrose. Clin Rheumatol. 2023. PMID: 37540383. Exploring dextrose prolotherapy in rotator cuff disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025. PMCID: PMC12377548. Lai WF, et al. Dextrose prolotherapy for chronic plantar fasciitis: systematic review and meta-analysis. PM&R. 2022. PMID: 35338597.

神經 D5W

5% dextrose for upper-limb compression neuropathies: systematic review/meta-analysis. 2025. PMCID: PMC11759540. Carpal tunnel hydrodissection injectates: systematic review/network meta-analysis. 2025. PMCID: PMC11790405. Hydrodissection with 5 or 10 mL D5W for carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2024. PMID: 39642354. Mansiz-Kaplan B, et al. Perineural 5% dextrose for ulnar neuropathy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022. PMID: 35690093. 5% dextrose vs corticosteroid hydrodissection for meralgia paresthetica. Pain Physician. 2024. PMID: 39621981.

運動復健／回場

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: 2024 CPG. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2024. PMID: 39611662. Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy Diagnosis, Nonsurgical Care, and Rehabilitation CPG. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2025. PMID: 40165544. Exercise treatment for lower-limb tendinopathies: living systematic review and network meta-analysis. PMCID: PMC10409676. Exercise parameters in Achilles tendinopathy: systematic review/meta-analysis. PMCID: PMC10240875. Dextrose prolotherapy for chronic ankle instability: 52-week RCT. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2025. PMID: 41391614.

比較／法規／費用

Anz AW, et al. BMAC equivalent to PRP for knee OA at 2 years: randomized trial. Am J Sports Med. 2022. PMID: 35289231. PRP, BMAC, HA and corticosteroid for knee OA: network meta-analysis. Arthroscopy. 2024. PMID: 38331363. Huddleston HP, et al. Amniotic tissue products for musculoskeletal indications: systematic review. PMCID: PMC7029538. Harrison-Brown M, et al. Amniotic product characterization and regulation. PMCID: PMC9775213. 衛生福利部再生醫療技術資訊專區；《再生醫療法》自 2026-01-01 施行：https://celltherapy.mohw.gov.tw/ 佛教慈濟醫療財團法人台中慈濟醫院自費品項，本院 114 年 6 月公告，頁 6–7：https://taichung.tzuchi.com.tw/media/attachments/2025/06/18/114061803.pdf

SPORTS MEDICINE

證據會更新；若要把本圖譜轉成院內正式版，建議每 12 個月重查新 RCT、指引與法規。